William Freund
| Dr William Freund MA LLD | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| File:Freund, William.jpg | |||||||||
| Born | 1806 | ||||||||
| Died | 1894 | ||||||||
| Residence |
Berlin Breslau [1875] | ||||||||
| Occupation |
educator philologist | ||||||||
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Contents
Notes
Office Notes
House Notes
spelt Friend in lists
Notes From Elsewhere
Wilhelm Freund (January 27, 1806 – June 4, 1894) was a German Jewish philologist, born at Kępno.
He received his education at Berlin and Breslau, and was chiefly occupied in teaching until 1870, when he retired in order to devote himself to his literary pursuits. Besides classical school-books and some works on philology, he compiled an elaborate Latin dictionary in 4 volumes, the Wörterbuch der Lateinischen Sprache (1834–45), which has been the basis of the standard English-Latin dictionaries in the 19th century. It was translated into English by Ethan Allen Andrews in 1850 and revised (with Freund's own assistance) as the basis for Lewis and Short's A Latin Dictionary.
In addition to his work in philology, Freund was involved in Jewish education and in political activism for the rights of the Jewish community in the Kingdom of Prussia. He died in Breslau.
THE translation of Dr. Freund's great Latin-German Dictionary, edited by the late E. A. Andrews, LL.D., and published in 1850, has been from that time in extensive use throughout England and America. It has had for competitors, indeed, in the schools and colleges of both countries, only works which are substantially reprints or abridgments of itself. As it has thus been the standard book of reference of its kind for a generation of scholars, its merits need no description here.
Meanwhile, great advances have been made in the sciences on which lexicography depends. Minute research in manuscript authorities has largely restored the texts of the classical writers, and even their orthography. Philology has traced the growth and history of thousands of words, and revealed meanings and shades of meaning which were long unknown. Syntax has been subjected to a profounder analysis. The history of ancient nations, the private life of their citizens, the thoughts and beliefs of their writers have been closely scrutinized in the light of accumulating information. Thus the student of to-day may justly demand of his Dictionary far more than the scholarship of thirty years ago could furnish. The present work is the result of a series of earnest efforts by the Publishers to meet this demand.
It was seen fifteen years ago that at least a very thorough revision of the Dictionary was needed. It was therefore submitted to the author of the original work, Dr. WILLIAM FREUND, who carefully revised it, rewrote a few of the less satisfactory articles, corrected errors, and supplied about two thousand additions, mainly in the early pages. The sheets were then placed in the hands of Professor HENRY DRISLER, LL.D., to be edited; but that eminent scholar soon advised us that a reconstruction of the work was desirable, such as he could not command leisure to make. They were afterwards delivered to the present editors to be used freely, and in combination with all other appropriate sources, in compiling a Latin Dictionary which should meet the advanced requirements of the times. The results of their unremitting labours for several years are now given to the public.
The first 216 pages (words beginning with A) are the work of Professor CHARLES SHORT, LL.D., of Columbia College. The remainder of the book, from page 217 to page 2019 inclusive, is the work of Mr. CHARLTON T. LEWIS. While each editor is alone and wholly responsible for the pages which he has prepared, Mr. LEWIS requests us to acknowledge the indebtedness of the book to contributions from other scholars, incorporated by him with his own collections. It is proper to refer, in particular, to the valuable services of GUSTAVUS FISCHER, LL.D., of New Brunswick whose learning and research have given to many articles a fulness and thoroughness hardly attempted before in a Latin Dictionary (see, for example, the words contra, 2. cum, sic, sisto, solvo, suus, tum, tunc, volo, and others); and of Professor GEORGE M. LANE, LL.D., of Harvard College, who has kindly examined a large part of the book in proof, and has freely communicated, in his suggestions and corrections, the ripe fruits of his scholarship.
NEW YORK, March 1, 1879.
Publications
External Publications
Riddle's Copious and Critical Latin-English Lexicon, founded on the German-Latin Dictionaries of Dr William Freund. Longman, Brown and Co. Post 4to. 31s 6d [new in 1860]
A Latin dictionary : founded on Andrews' edition of Freund's Latin dictionary
by Andrews, E. A. (Ethan Allen), 1787-1858; Freund, William, 1806-1894; Lewis, Charlton Thomas, 1834-1904; Short, Charles, 1821-1886
Wie studiert man Philologie (sixth edition by Dieter, Stuttgart, 1903).
Tafeln der Litteraturgeschichte (1877). Triennium Philologicum (third edition, 1906 et seq.).
Präparationen zu den griechischen und römischen Klassikern, (a long work beginning in 1859)
Wanderungen auf klassischem Boden (1889–92).
House Publications
On the romance language of Switzerland and the Tyrol. Read 9 june 1852
On Dr Donaldson's solution to the Etruscan problem. Read 18 Mar 1853
Notice of a MS Quichua grammar in the Royal Library of Berlin. Read 11 May 1853
Ethnological researches made on a journey through the Rhaetian Alps