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'''Donald Ferguson Thomson'''
{{Infobox rai-fellow
| first_name         = Donald Ferguson
| name               = Thomson
| honorific_prefix   = 
| honorific_suffix   = OBE DSc
| image              = File:Thomson,_Donald_Ferguson.jpg
| birth_date         = 1901
| death_date         = 1970
| address            = Dept. of Zoology, University of Melbourne, Carlton Ne, Victoria, Australia<br />Anatomy School, University of Melbourne, Carlton N3, Victoria [1933]<br />Christ's College, Cambridge [1937]<br />Dept. of Anthropology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, N3, Australia [1949]
| occupation         = anthropologist<br />ornithologist
| elected_ESL        = 
| elected_ASL        = 
| elected_AI         = 1931.02.24
| elected_APS        = 
| elected_LAS        = 
| membership         = ordinary fellow - life
| left               = 1970 deceased
| clubs              = 
| societies          = 
}}
== Notes ==
=== Office Notes ===

=== House Notes ===
1931.01.13 proposed by Arthur Keith, seconded by J.L. Myres  <br />1934.07.10 It was agreed to accept Mr Donald Thomson’s Life Composition Fee<br />1938 Wellcome Medal. The Aborigines of Arnhem Land and the problem of administration: a demonstration of the practical application of an anthropological method of approach<br />1938.12.13 Ordinary Meeting, at the Royal Society's Lecture Room, Burlington House ... Dr Donald Thomson showed his film, 'An anthropological survey of Arnhem Land'. The film was discussed by the President [H.J. Braunholtz], Mr Harpman, and Miss Durham, and Dr Thomson replied. A hearty vote of thanks was accorded to Dr Thomson for his film   <br />1972.03 death noted
=== Notes From Elsewhere ===
Thomson when in Arnhem Land (1933-1937) shot ~22,000 feet of colour nitrate film – from which was said a 2,000 foot film was created. Tragically in 1946 there was a fire which destroyed the 22,000 feet of his film. I wondered because of the advent of WW2 which saw Thomson return to Australia, whether he left this film in England?<br /><br />Donald Fergusson Thomson, OBE (26 June 1901 – 12 May 1970) was an Australian anthropologist and ornithologist who was largely responsible for turning the Caledon Bay crisis into a "decisive moment in the history of Aboriginal-European relations". He is remembered as a friend of the Yolngu people, and as a champion of understanding, by non-Indigenous Australians, of the culture and society of Indigenous Australians.[1]<br />Thomson studied zoology and botany at the University of Melbourne. He also joined the Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union (RAOU) in 1917 and served it as Press Officer (1923) and as Assistant Editor of its journal the Emu (1924–1925). When he graduated in 1925 he joined the Melbourne Herald as a cadet, also marrying Gladys Coleman in the same year. He then studied for a one-year diploma course in anthropology at the University of Sydney, graduating in 1928, and then set off on an eight-month journey, working with and recording the Indigenous people of Cape York. On his return, he was falsely accused of dishonesty, because of the loss of some funds, which was later traced to fraudulent activity by a staff member of the Australian Research Council. This unhappy episode forever damaged his relationship with other anthropologists at Sydney.<br />After another trip to Cape York in 1929, Thomson joined the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research in Melbourne, and in 1932 joined the University of Melbourne as a Research Fellow, obtaining his PhD in 1934.<br />In 1932–33, as the Caledon Bay crisis erupted, Thomson offered his services to the Australian Government to resolve the crisis, and to the surprise of the government succeeded in doing so. His success had long-term ramifications for the relationship between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians, and is regarded as the crowning achievement of his life.[2]<br />Squadron Leader Donald Thomson training the NTSRU during the Second World War. <br />He formed a strong bond with the Yolngu people, studying their traditional use of the land in the Arafura Swamp and elsewhere.[citation needed] In 1941 he persuaded the Army to establish a special reconnaissance force of Yolngu men known as the Northern Territory Special Reconnaissance Unit, including tribal elder Wonggu and his sons, to help repel Japanese raids on the northern coastline of Australia. In 1943, as the war moved northward from the Australian coast, the unit was disbanded, and Thomson returned to the Air Force. He was badly injured in action in Dutch New Guinea, and spent the rest of the war in hospital before being discharged from the Armed Forces<br />In 1957, Thomson carried out the Bindibu (Pintupi) Expedition to the Western Desert to make contact with Pintupi there.<br />For some Pintupi, this was their first contact with Europeans. They were almost the last Indigenous Australian group with whom white Australians were to make contact with (the very last was a group of Pintupi in 1984).<br />Thomson again demonstrated his excellent ethnographic skills. The photographs taken here, like those he took in the 1930s in Arnhem Land, have become invaluable historical records for Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Australians, particularly for the Pintupi.<br />The Thomson Collection of approximately four thousand black and white glass plate photographs is currently held by Museum Victoria. One of these photographs was of a group of ten men in their bark canoes on a swamp and was the inspiration for the title of a critically acclaimed film Ten Canoes. The title of the film arose from discussions between co-director Rolf de Heer and the movie's narrator David Gulpilil about a photograph of ten canoeists poling across the Arafura Swamp, taken by anthropologist Donald Thomson in 1936.[4]<br />Thomson lived with the Pintupi, and liked them, through much of the 1950s and 60s.<br />He returned to the University of Melbourne and continued working there until his death in 1970.[5] His ashes were flown to the Northern Territory and, accompanied in the plane by two of the sons of Wonggu, scattered over the waters of Caledon Bay<br /><br />
== Publications ==
=== External Publications ===
Economic structure and the ceremonial exchange cycle in Arnhem Land, 1949; Kinship and behaviour in north Queensland, 1972<br /><br />Thomson, D. (1935). Birds of Cape York Peninsula. Ecological notes, field observations, and catalogue of specimens collected on three expeditions to north Queensland. Government Printer, Melbourne. Thomson, D.; & Peterson, N. (1983). <br />Donald Thomson in Arnhem Land. Currey O'Neil, South Yarra., Thomson D. (1975). Bindibu Country. Melbourne, Thomas Nelson<br />
=== House Publications ===
Man 1938. 216. Dec. A new type of fish trap from Arnhem Land, Northern Territory of Australia<br />Names and Naming in the Wik Monkan Tribe; JRAI Vol. 76, No. 2 (1946), pp. 157-168
== Related Material Details ==
=== RAI Material ===
A63 election form<br />MS 189 Wellcome<br />A94/21/36	Thomson, Prof. Donald F. 15 Nov., 7, 14 Dec. 1954 (correspond. With E.J. Lindgren on his Arnhem Land visit), 15 Dec. 1958; 9 Feb. 1972 (obit.)<br />Man 1938. 216. Dec. A new type of fish trap from Arnhem Land, Northern Territory of Australia / Donald Thomson. 2 drawings with offprint of 1; 3 photographs, 2 copies of each<br />
=== Other Material ===